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lf6:db-cheat-sheet [2018/10/24 13:37] Marvin Birnbach angelegt |
lf6:db-cheat-sheet [2018/10/24 13:41] (aktuell) Marvin Birnbach |
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| ====== SQL Cheat Sheet ====== | ====== SQL Cheat Sheet ====== | ||
| - | | Description | Command | | | + | | **Description** | **Command** | |
| - | |----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---| | + | | To login (from unix shell) use -h only if needed. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -h hostname -u root -p | |
| - | | To login (from unix shell) use -h only if needed. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -h hostname -u root -p | | | + | | Create a database on the sql server. | create database [databasename]; | |
| - | | Create a database on the sql server. | create database [databasename]; | | | + | | List all databases on the sql server. | show databases; | |
| - | | List all databases on the sql server. | show databases; | | | + | | Switch to a database. | use [db name]; | |
| - | | Switch to a database. | use [db name]; | | | + | | To see all the tables in the db. | show tables; | |
| - | | To see all the tables in the db. | show tables; | | | + | | To see database's field formats. | describe [table name]; | |
| - | | To see database's field formats. | describe [table name]; | | | + | | To delete a db. | drop database [database name]; | |
| - | | To delete a db. | drop database [database name]; | | | + | | To delete a table. | drop table [table name]; | |
| - | | To delete a table. | drop table [table name]; | | | + | | Show all data in a table. | SELECT * FROM [table name]; | |
| - | | Show all data in a table. | SELECT * FROM [table name]; | | | + | | Returns the columns and column information pertaining to the designated table. | show columns from [table name]; | |
| - | | Returns the columns and column information pertaining to the designated table. | show columns from [table name]; | | | + | | Show certain selected rows with the value "whatever". | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE [field name] = "whatever"; | |
| - | | | | | | + | | Show all records containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444'. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name = "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444'; | |
| - | | Show certain selected rows with the value "whatever". | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE [field name] = "whatever"; | | | + | | Show all records not containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444' order by the phone_number field. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name != "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444' order by phone_number; | |
| - | | | | | | + | | Show all records starting with the letters 'bob' AND the phone number '3444444'. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like "Bob%" AND phone_number = '3444444'; | |
| - | | Show all records containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444'. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name = "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444'; | | | + | | Show unique records. | SELECT DISTINCT [column name] FROM [table name]; | |
| - | | | | | | + | | Show selected records sorted in an ascending (asc) or descending (desc). | SELECT [col1],[col2] FROM [table name] ORDER BY [col2] DESC; | |
| - | | Show all records not containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444' order by the phone_number field. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name != "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444' order by phone_number; | | | + | | Count rows. | SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [table name]; | |
| - | | | | | | + | | Join tables on common columns. | select lookup.illustrationid, lookup.personid,person.birthday from lookup left join person on lookup.personid=person.personid=statement to join birthday in person table with primary illustration id; | |
| - | | Show all records starting with the letters 'bob' AND the phone number '3444444'. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like "Bob%" AND phone_number = '3444444'; | | | + | | Switch to the mysql db. Create a new user. | INSERT INTO [table name] (Host,User,Password) VALUES('%','user',PASSWORD('password')); | |
| - | | | | | | + | | Change a users password.(from unix shell). | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h hostname.blah.org -p password 'new-password' | |
| - | | Use a regular expression to find records. Use "REGEXP BINARY" to force case-sensitivity. This finds any record beginning with a. | SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE rec RLIKE "^a$"; | | | + | | Change a users password.(from MySQL prompt). | SET PASSWORD FOR 'user'@'hostname' = PASSWORD('passwordhere'); | |
| - | | | | | | + | | Switch to mysql db.Give user privilages for a db. | INSERT INTO [table name] (Host,Db,User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Update_priv,Delete_priv,Create_priv,Drop_priv) VALUES ('%','db','user','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','N'); | |
| - | | Show unique records. | SELECT DISTINCT [column name] FROM [table name]; | | | + | | To update info already in a table. | UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = 'Y',Insert_priv = 'Y',Update_priv = 'Y' where [field name] = 'user'; | |
| - | | Show selected records sorted in an ascending (asc) or descending (desc). | SELECT [col1],[col2] FROM [table name] ORDER BY [col2] DESC; | | | + | | Delete a row(s) from a table. | DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = 'whatever'; | |
| - | | Count rows. | SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [table name]; | | | + | | Update database permissions/privilages. | FLUSH PRIVILEGES; | |
| - | | | | | | + | | Delete a column. | alter table [table name] drop column [column name]; | |
| - | | Join tables on common columns. | select lookup.illustrationid, lookup.personid,person.birthday from lookup | | | + | | Add a new column to db. | alter table [table name] add column [new column name] varchar (20); | |
| - | | | left join person on lookup.personid=person.personid=statement to join birthday in person table with primary illustration id; | | | + | | Change column name. | alter table [table name] change [old column name] [new column name] varchar (50); | |
| - | | Switch to the mysql db. Create a new user. | INSERT INTO [table name] (Host,User,Password) VALUES('%','user',PASSWORD('password')); | | | + | | Make a unique column so you get no dupes. | alter table [table name] add unique ([column name]); | |
| - | | Change a users password.(from unix shell). | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h hostname.blah.org -p password 'new-password' | | | + | | Make a column bigger. | alter table [table name] modify [column name] VARCHAR(3); | |
| - | | Change a users password.(from MySQL prompt). | SET PASSWORD FOR 'user'@'hostname' = PASSWORD('passwordhere'); | | | + | | Delete unique from table. | alter table [table name] drop index [colmn name]; | |
| - | | Switch to mysql db.Give user privilages for a db. | INSERT INTO [table name] (Host,Db,User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Update_priv,Delete_priv,Create_priv,Drop_priv) VALUES ('%','db','user','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','N'); | | | + | | Load a CSV file into a table. | LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/filename.csv' replace INTO TABLE [table name] FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n' (field1,field2,field3); | |
| - | | To update info already in a table. | UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = 'Y',Insert_priv = 'Y',Update_priv = 'Y' where [field name] = 'user'; | | | + | | Dump all databases for backup. Backup file is sql commands to recreate all db's. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt >/tmp/alldatabases.sql | |
| - | | Delete a row(s) from a table. | DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = 'whatever'; | | | + | | Dump one database for backup. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases databasename >/tmp/databasename.sql | |
| - | | Update database permissions/privilages. | FLUSH PRIVILEGES; | | | + | | Dump a table from a database. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -c -u username -ppassword databasename tablename > /tmp/databasename.tablename.sql | |
| - | | Delete a column. | alter table [table name] drop column [column name]; | | | + | | Restore database (or database table) from backup. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < /tmp/databasename.sql | |
| - | | Add a new column to db. | alter table [table name] add column [new column name] varchar (20); | | | + | | Create Table Example 1. | CREATE TABLE [table name] (firstname VARCHAR(20), middleinitial VARCHAR(3), lastname VARCHAR(35),suffix VARCHAR(3),officeid VARCHAR(10),userid VARCHAR(15),username VARCHAR(8),email VARCHAR(35),phone VARCHAR(25), groups VARCHAR(15),datestamp DATE,timestamp time,pgpemail VARCHAR(255)); | |
| - | | Change column name. | alter table [table name] change [old column name] [new column name] varchar (50); | | | + | | Create Table Example 2. | create table [table name] (personid int(50) not null auto_increment primary key,firstname varchar(35),middlename varchar(50),lastname varchar(50) default 'bato'); | |
| - | | Make a unique column so you get no dupes. | alter table [table name] add unique ([column name]); | | | + | |
| - | | Make a column bigger. | alter table [table name] modify [column name] VARCHAR(3); | | | + | |
| - | | Delete unique from table. | alter table [table name] drop index [colmn name]; | | | + | |
| - | | Load a CSV file into a table. | LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/filename.csv' replace INTO TABLE [table name] FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n' (field1,field2,field3); | | | + | |
| - | | Dump all databases for backup. Backup file is sql commands to recreate all db's. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt >/tmp/alldatabases.sql | | | + | |
| - | | Dump one database for backup. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases databasename >/tmp/databasename.sql | | | + | |
| - | | Dump a table from a database. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -c -u username -ppassword databasename tablename > /tmp/databasename.tablename.sql | | | + | |
| - | | Restore database (or database table) from backup. | [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < /tmp/databasename.sql | | | + | |
| - | | Create Table Example 1. | CREATE TABLE [table name] (firstname VARCHAR(20), middleinitial VARCHAR(3), lastname VARCHAR(35),suffix VARCHAR(3), | | | + | |
| - | | | officeid VARCHAR(10),userid VARCHAR(15),username VARCHAR(8),email VARCHAR(35),phone VARCHAR(25), groupsĘ | | | + | |
| - | | | VARCHAR(15),datestamp DATE,timestamp time,pgpemail VARCHAR(255)); | | | + | |
| - | | Create Table Example 2. | create table [table name] (personid int(50) not null auto_increment primary key,firstname varchar(35),middlename varchar(50),lastname varchar(50) default 'bato'); | | | + | |